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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Centennial Twitter Collection
Subject
The topic of the resource
2020 Centennial of Women's Suffrage Amendment
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rachel B. Tiven
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Twitter.com
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
August 2019 to August 2020
Language
A language of the resource
English
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Description
An account of the resource
Direct action strategies almost always start with a modest gesture, which is pilloried as inappropriate and impolite. Once activists escalate to more disruptive tactics, the earlier strategy is lionized as “the right way to protest.” Strategy thread. <br /><br />More than a year before suffragists began picketing the White House, they tried getting President Wilson’s attention by asking for an appointment. Wilson was planning a public appearance in Philadelphia - at the swearing-in of 4,000 new citizens on May 10, 1915. <br /><br />Alice Paul wanted him to feel suffragists’ presence everywhere he went, so she sent two emissaries: Dora Lewis and Anna Lowenburg to the White House to ask Wilson to meet with suffragists while in Philly. Dora Lewis was 20 years Alice’s senior and one of her closest confidantes. <br /><br />From an established Philadelphia family, Dora Lewis had raised 4 young children after her husband was killed in a train accident. She was a longtime suffragist, active in NAWSA before shifting her allegiance completely to <br /><br />Anna Lowenburg was a good partner for this mission: an officer of the Penn. Woman Suffrage Assoc, she had hiked to Washington with Rosalie Jones’ pilgrims in 1913, and then served as PA’s chief marshal in the pre-Inauguration march. She was also an immigrant, a Jew from Russia. <br /><br />Lewis & Lowenburg were appropriate spokespeople for the women of Phila.; Lowenburg even more as a naturalized citizen. They wanted to know why the men whose naturalization Wilson celebrated would become voters, but no woman - native born or naturalized - would have the chance. <br /><br />They spent three days at the White House waiting for a moment with the President. (Calling on POTUS in-person wasn’t unheard of then.) Wilson ignored them. Wilson's secretary, a man sympathetic to the suffragists, later apologized to Dora Lewis for the inconvenience. <br /><br />The President couldn't see the suffragists because he was “necessarily engaged in matters which seemed to be of consequence to the whole world.” Expecting that Lewis & Lowenburg would be snubbed, Lucy arranged for newsreel photographers to meet them outside the White House. <br /><br />Mainstream suffragists derided these tactics: Anna Howard Shaw criticized the women for “heckling” the president. To NAWSA leaders like Shaw & Carrie Chapman Catt, everything Alice Paul & Lucy Burns did smacked of the aggressive tactics they had learned in England. <br /><br />The press adopted NAWSA’s tone and reported on a “siege” of the White House. Wilson was so irritated by two white women sitting in his antechamber that he got the newsreel men to scrap the footage. <br /><br />In the end, world events overtook the story. Two days before the Philadelphia event, a German submarine torpedoed the ocean liner Lusitania off the coast of Ireland. It sank in 18 minutes, killing 1,200 civilians, 128 of them American. <br /><br /><iframe width="1518" height="533" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/IIVHiAizhgI" frameborder="0"></iframe><br /><br />Alice and Lucy, who had been debating whether to try and corner Wilson in Philadelphia, took the public’s temperature and decided to pull back. “[I]t does not seem the moment or place to start any more aggressive tactics,” Alice wrote Lucy on May 10. “¼ of those [Americans] lost on the Lusitania were Philadelphians and the city seems to be thinking of nothing else.” #Suffrage100 #19thAmendment
Title
A name given to the resource
Getting the President's Attention
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Daily Suffragist
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://twitter.com/DailySuffragist/status/1290469645158318085" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Original thread.</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
03/08/2020
1915
Alice Paul
Anna Lowneburg
contemporary relevance
Dora Lewis
Philadelphia
Woodrow Wilson
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Centennial Twitter Collection
Subject
The topic of the resource
2020 Centennial of Women's Suffrage Amendment
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rachel B. Tiven
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Twitter.com
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
August 2019 to August 2020
Language
A language of the resource
English
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://twitter.com/DailySuffragist/status/1287212992241840133" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Original thread.</a>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Daily Suffragist
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
25/07/2020
Description
An account of the resource
Dissecting the failed 1915 New York suffrage referendum is like reliving the 2016 election. It’s still too soon. But take a deep breath and let’s dive in . .<br /><br />Winning New York would require a three-step process: suffragists needed to pass a bill through the state Senate and the Assembly in 1913, pass the same bill in 1915, and then win a popular referendum with the men of the state. <br /><br />We really thought we had it. Harriot Stanton Blatch & Carrie Chapman Catt, two towering figures in suffrage politics, devoted themselves to winning. They undertook more than three years of meticulous planning, fundraising, lobbying in Albany, and organizing throughout the state. <br /><br />Carrie Chapman Catt had been focused on int’l suffrage for years, and now shifted her energy to NY. Catt & Harriot Stanton Blatch were oil & water. Catt liked total control; Blatch found Catt’s cautious conservatism enraging. They reached a chilly detente for the 1915 campaign. <br /><br />Fundraising began in 1912 with a ball for 2,000, at the accessible price of 50c per ticket. The next year they sold out the Armory, mixing hoi polloi with “shabby little cash girls, waltzing in shirt waists†-- NY Tribune. The campaign raised more than $4 million in today’s $$. <br /><br />Harriot Stanton Blatch spent 1913 and the winter of 1915 in Albany, shepherding the bill through with an army of lobbyists. When Sen. Elon Brown said that fewer than a dozen women in his district supported suffrage, activist Helen Todd arrived at his office trailed by hundreds. <br /><br />The bill passed both chambers in 1913; and again in 1915. In 1915 it passed the Assembly 113-0. It was time to go to the voters. <br /><br />Catt divided the state into 12 districts, and ran “suffrage schools†for organizers, who were assigned all the way down to the neighborhood level. Actions were organized with military precision. In addition to public meetings and leafleting, suffragists used new creative tactics. <br /><br />Huge crowds gathered on a sidewalk near St. Patrick’s Cathedral to watch a “voiceless speech†-- a woman standing in a store window, slowly turning placards on an easel. Blatch’s group parked a Votes for Women lunch wagon on Wall Street and gave soapbox speeches from May to Nov. <br /><br />They provided free child care at public events - which had the double benefit of capturing parents’ attention and demonstrating the kind of world women would make with their power.👇Suffolk County Fair, Long Island, 1914. <br /><br />They canvassed relentlessly. Catt estimated that they reached 60% of NYC voters directly. A caravan traveled the width of the state, from Montauk Point to Lake Erie, bearing a suffrage torch. Victory seemed within reach. <br /><br />But in November 1915, they lost the popular vote. Badly. Only 43% of the men in New York supported suffrage. All five boroughs of New York City voted against. Why? Well, sharing the ballot with an unpopular measure about a Constitutional Convention didn’t help. <br /><br />But the only concrete reason for such a resounding defeat was that most of the men in New York didn’t want women to vote. Carrie Chapman Catt began preparing immediately for a new referendum. Not Harriot. <br /><br />Harriot Stanton Blatch was done asking every man in each state if she could vote. From now on, she would devote herself to the Federal Amendment. #CenturyofStruggle #19thAmendmentÂ
Title
A name given to the resource
Losing New York, 1915
1915
Carrie Chapman Catt
Harriot Stanton Blatch
New York
state referenda
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Centennial Twitter Collection
Subject
The topic of the resource
2020 Centennial of Women's Suffrage Amendment
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rachel B. Tiven
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Twitter.com
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
August 2019 to August 2020
Language
A language of the resource
English
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Description
An account of the resource
The position of the Times on the question of woman suffrage has long been known. It is totally opposed to the extension of suffrage on the grounds that it would not benefit the women in any single way and would tend to disorganize society. -- @<a href="https://twitter.com/nytopinion" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">nytopinion</a>
Title
A name given to the resource
New York Times on suffrage
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Daily Suffragist
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://twitter.com/DailySuffragist/status/1290095959058284549" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Original thread.</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
02/08/2020
1915
anti-suffragists
Newspapers
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3c0e38c6662be4f26e6bd660bc05f8e9
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Centennial Twitter Collection
Subject
The topic of the resource
2020 Centennial of Women's Suffrage Amendment
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rachel B. Tiven
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Twitter.com
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
August 2019 to August 2020
Language
A language of the resource
English
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://twitter.com/DailySuffragist/status/1287563694147346432" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Original thread.</a>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Daily Suffragist
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
26/07/2020
Description
An account of the resource
With the New York referendum looming, The Crisis published its second special issue on women’s suffrage in August 1915. The cover was an arresting composite of Abraham Lincoln & Sojourner Truth. 🧵 <br /><br />26 essays by men and women took up almost the entire issue. Even regular features like “Men of the Month†were devoted to women. [<a href="https://dailysuffragist.omeka.net/exhibits/show/black-suffragists/item/382" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Read about @thecrisismag's first suffrage issue, in 1912 👉</a> ]<br /><br />The summer of 1915 was an optimistic moment for voting rights. The Supreme Court had just struck down grandfather clauses in a case from Oklahoma, and women in New York were still optimistic about their chances of winning the vote. (See yesterday’s post.)<br /><br />Later, the Supreme Court win would turn out to be toothless - Oklahoma grandfathered its grandfather clause, automatically adding all white men to the rolls while giving Black men 12 days to register. And women would lose the New York referendum, resoundingly. <br /><br />But the clarity of @<a href="https://twitter.com/thecrisismag" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">thecrisismag</a> special issue endures. It’s an artifact of how the nation’s most prominent Black men and women argued for the inextricability of race and sex at the ballot box. <br /><br />Highlights include: “Many colored men doubt the wisdom of women suffrage because they fear that it will increase the number of our political enemies.†She defends suffragists based on 40 years experience in the movement, asserting: “We can afford to follow those women.†<br /><br />Mary Church Terrell & her husband Judge Robert Terrell make overlapping arguments about the necessity of supporting voting rights for all. She points out sharply that anything less risks weakening the 15th Amendment. <br /><br />Judge Terrell quotes Senator Benjamin Wade, a radical Republican who supported universal suffrage: “I have a contempt I cannot name for the man who would demand rights for himself that he is not willing to grant to every one else.†<br /><br />Nannie Helen Burroughs, leader of the Women’s Convention of the Baptist Church, is blunt: “The Negro Church means the Negro woman. Without her, the race could not properly support five hundred churches in the whole world. Today they have 40,000 churches in the United States.â€<br /><br />Fittingly, poet/novelist/diplomat James Weldon Johnson has the most engagingly wry essay. He begins: “There is one thing very annoying about the cause of Woman Suffrage and that is the absurdity of the arguments against it which one is called upon to combat." <br /><br />The fight for the vote began so long before John Lewis, of blessed memory. We will continue it until every person’s vote counts, no matter how long that takes. We are up to the challenge. (Photo by @<a href="https://twitter.com/AlyssaNo_L" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">AlyssaNo_L</a> via @<a href="https://twitter.com/ajc" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">AJC</a>) #BlackSuffragists #Suffrage100
Title
A name given to the resource
The Crisis - Suffrage Special Issue 1915
1915
John Lewis
Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin
Mary Church Terrell
NAACP
Newspapers
Voting rights